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Cuba
The largest island in the Caribbean, Cuba is known for its revolutionary socialist government established in 1959, vintage American cars, and vibrant Afro-Caribbean culture. The capital Havana features a magnificent colonial Old City (Habana Vieja) that is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Cuba has one of the highest literacy rates and doctor-to-patient ratios in the developing world.
Major cities: Havana, Santiago de Cuba, Camagüey, Holguín
2024
11.0M
UN
2050
9.4M
UN
2100
5.6M
UN
~2200
3.0M
GPU
~2500
1.0M
GPU
Population11.0M
Fertility (TFR)1.45
Life expectancy78.3
Median age41.7
Infant mortality6.6 per 1,000
Pop. density106/km²
Urbanization77%
Youth share (0-14)16%
Land area103,800 km²
LanguageSpanish
ReligionChristian
HDI0.762 (#97)
RegionNorth America
Latest available year is shown in parentheses where the source series varies across indicators. Governance metrics use World Bank percentile ranks; battle deaths and military spending are context variables, not direct fertility drivers.
UN WPP 2024 — verified data through 2100
| Year | Population | TFR | Life Exp. | CBR | CDR | Net Migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 5.92M | 4.03 | 59.0 | 32.1 | 11.2 | -6K | 2.1% |
| 1955 | 6.54M | 3.90 | 61.2 | 31.1 | 9.8 | -8K | 2.1% |
| 1960 | 7.24M | 4.13 | 63.3 | 32.8 | 8.9 | -25K | 2.4% |
| 1965 | 8.03M | 4.50 | 65.6 | 34.4 | 8.1 | -47K | 2.6% |
| 1970 | 8.82M | 3.98 | 67.9 | 29.9 | 7.0 | -44K | 2.3% |
| 1975 | 9.48M | 2.82 | 70.4 | 21.6 | 6.4 | -46K | 1.5% |
| 1980 | 9.80M | 1.64 | 72.6 | 13.9 | 6.3 | -37K | 0.8% |
| 1985 | 10.2M | 1.77 | 73.5 | 16.7 | 6.6 | -18K | 1.0% |
| 1990 | 10.6M | 1.81 | 73.8 | 17.6 | 7.0 | -15K | 1.1% |
| 1995 | 10.9M | 1.48 | 74.3 | 13.5 | 7.4 | -29K | 0.6% |
| 2000 | 11.1M | 1.61 | 75.9 | 12.9 | 7.4 | -25K | 0.6% |
| 2005 | 11.3M | 1.49 | 77.5 | 10.6 | 7.4 | -17K | 0.3% |
| 2010 | 11.3M | 1.67 | 77.9 | 11.4 | 8.2 | -34K | 0.3% |
| 2015 | 11.3M | 1.69 | 77.7 | 10.9 | 9.1 | -25K | 0.2% |
| 2020 | 11.2M | 1.49 | 77.4 | 9.3 | 10.4 | -12K | -0.1% |
| 2024Now | 11.0M | 1.45 | 78.3 | 8.6 | 10.4 | -22K | -0.2% |
| 2025 | 10.9M | 1.45 | 78.4 | 8.5 | 10.5 | -22K | -0.2% |
| 2030 | 10.7M | 1.47 | 79.3 | 8.3 | 11.2 | -19K | -0.3% |
| 2035 | 10.4M | 1.49 | 80.2 | 8.1 | 12.0 | -16K | -0.4% |
| 2040 | 10.1M | 1.49 | 81.0 | 7.8 | 12.9 | -13K | -0.5% |
| 2045 | 9.78M | 1.50 | 81.8 | 7.4 | 14.0 | -10K | -0.7% |
| 2050 | 9.38M | 1.51 | 82.6 | 7.2 | 15.2 | -8K | -0.8% |
| 2055 | 8.95M | 1.52 | 83.3 | 7.0 | 16.2 | -7K | -0.9% |
| 2060 | 8.50M | 1.53 | 84.0 | 7.0 | 16.8 | -7K | -1.0% |
| 2065 | 8.06M | 1.54 | 84.7 | 7.0 | 16.6 | -7K | -1.0% |
| 2070 | 7.66M | 1.54 | 85.3 | 7.0 | 16.3 | -6K | -0.9% |
| 2075 | 7.29M | 1.55 | 85.9 | 6.9 | 16.2 | -5K | -0.9% |
| 2080 | 6.92M | 1.55 | 86.6 | 6.9 | 16.6 | -5K | -1.0% |
| 2085 | 6.56M | 1.55 | 87.1 | 6.8 | 17.0 | -5K | -1.0% |
| 2090 | 6.21M | 1.56 | 87.7 | 6.8 | 17.0 | -5K | -1.0% |
| 2095 | 5.89M | 1.56 | 88.3 | 6.8 | 16.9 | -4K | -1.0% |
| 2100 | 5.58M | 1.57 | 88.8 | 6.9 | 16.9 | -4K | -1.0% |