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Ethiopia
Africa's oldest independent nation and the only one never colonized by a European power, Ethiopia is a highland country in the Horn of Africa with a history stretching back to the ancient Kingdom of Aksum. The capital Addis Ababa serves as headquarters of the African Union. Ethiopia has its own unique calendar, alphabet (Ge'ez script), and is the birthplace of coffee.
Major cities: Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, Mekelle, Adama
2024
132.1M
UN
2050
225.0M
UN
2100
367.3M
UN
~2200
343.0M
GPU
~2500
113.0M
GPU
Population132.1M
Fertility (TFR)3.91
Life expectancy67.6
Median age18.7
Infant mortality35.7 per 1,000
Pop. density114/km²
Urbanization23%
Youth share (0-14)39%
Land area1,128,499 km²
LanguageAmharic
ReligionChristian
HDI0.497 (#180)
RegionAfrica
Latest available year is shown in parentheses where the source series varies across indicators. Governance metrics use World Bank percentile ranks; battle deaths and military spending are context variables, not direct fertility drivers.
UN WPP 2024 — verified data through 2100
| Year | Population | TFR | Life Exp. | CBR | CDR | Net Migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 17.7M | 6.43 | 35.5 | 45.2 | 28.1 | +6K | 1.7% |
| 1955 | 19.4M | 6.46 | 37.3 | 46.4 | 25.8 | -10K | 2.1% |
| 1960 | 21.4M | 6.51 | 39.6 | 47.9 | 23.9 | +2K | 2.4% |
| 1965 | 24.3M | 6.63 | 41.4 | 49.3 | 22.9 | +16K | 2.6% |
| 1970 | 27.8M | 6.78 | 42.1 | 49.7 | 22.4 | +9K | 2.7% |
| 1975 | 31.7M | 7.08 | 38.9 | 50.6 | 25.4 | -43K | 2.5% |
| 1980 | 34.4M | 7.29 | 42.8 | 51.4 | 22.2 | -904K | 2.9% |
| 1985 | 39.8M | 7.34 | 37.7 | 51.6 | 26.5 | +157K | 2.5% |
| 1990 | 47.6M | 7.20 | 45.1 | 50.8 | 19.7 | +296K | 3.1% |
| 1995 | 57.5M | 7.00 | 48.2 | 49.0 | 17.2 | +92K | 3.2% |
| 2000 | 67.4M | 6.65 | 50.9 | 45.6 | 14.7 | -50K | 3.1% |
| 2005 | 78.4M | 6.19 | 54.4 | 42.1 | 12.1 | -44K | 3.0% |
| 2010 | 90.5M | 5.28 | 59.7 | 36.6 | 9.0 | +80K | 2.8% |
| 2015 | 104M | 4.53 | 63.6 | 33.3 | 7.2 | +63K | 2.6% |
| 2020 | 119M | 4.27 | 66.0 | 33.3 | 6.4 | +39K | 2.7% |
| 2024Now | 132M | 3.91 | 67.6 | 31.5 | 5.9 | +30K | 2.6% |
| 2025 | 135M | 3.81 | 67.9 | 30.8 | 5.8 | +24K | 2.5% |
| 2030 | 153M | 3.43 | 69.2 | 28.3 | 5.5 | +32K | 2.3% |
| 2035 | 171M | 3.13 | 70.3 | 25.9 | 5.3 | +53K | 2.1% |
| 2040 | 188M | 2.90 | 71.4 | 24.1 | 5.2 | +61K | 1.9% |
| 2045 | 207M | 2.72 | 72.4 | 22.7 | 5.2 | +35K | 1.8% |
| 2050 | 225M | 2.55 | 73.3 | 21.3 | 5.2 | +19K | 1.6% |
| 2055 | 243M | 2.42 | 74.2 | 19.9 | 5.3 | -20K | 1.5% |
| 2060 | 261M | 2.32 | 75.1 | 18.7 | 5.5 | +48K | 1.3% |
| 2065 | 278M | 2.23 | 76.0 | 17.5 | 5.7 | 0K | 1.2% |
| 2070 | 294M | 2.15 | 76.9 | 16.6 | 6.0 | +7K | 1.1% |
| 2075 | 309M | 2.09 | 77.7 | 15.7 | 6.3 | +82K | 0.9% |
| 2080 | 323M | 2.03 | 78.5 | 15.0 | 6.7 | -5K | 0.8% |
| 2085 | 336M | 1.98 | 79.3 | 14.3 | 7.1 | +60K | 0.7% |
| 2090 | 348M | 1.94 | 80.1 | 13.6 | 7.4 | +77K | 0.6% |
| 2095 | 358M | 1.91 | 80.8 | 13.1 | 7.8 | +16K | 0.5% |
| 2100 | 367M | 1.88 | 81.6 | 12.6 | 8.1 | +133K | 0.4% |