← Back to all countries
Indonesia
The world's largest archipelago spans over 17,000 islands across Southeast Asia, making Indonesia the fourth most populous country and the most populous Muslim-majority nation. The capital is moving from Jakarta on Java to a new purpose-built city called Nusantara on Borneo. Indonesia's extraordinary biodiversity includes Komodo dragons, orangutans, and the world's second-largest tropical rainforest.
Major cities: Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Medan
2024
283.5M
UN
2050
320.7M
UN
2100
295.5M
UN
~2200
177.0M
GPU
~2500
43.0M
GPU
Population283.5M
Fertility (TFR)2.11
Life expectancy71.3
Median age29.8
Infant mortality17.0 per 1,000
Pop. density149/km²
Urbanization58%
Youth share (0-14)25%
Land area1,892,555 km²
LanguageBahasa Indonesia
ReligionMuslim
HDI0.728 (#113)
RegionAsia
Latest available year is shown in parentheses where the source series varies across indicators. Governance metrics use World Bank percentile ranks; battle deaths and military spending are context variables, not direct fertility drivers.
UN WPP 2024 — verified data through 2100
| Year | Population | TFR | Life Exp. | CBR | CDR | Net Migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 68.8M | 5.11 | 40.2 | 40.5 | 20.9 | +89K | 2.0% |
| 1955 | 77.3M | 5.36 | 43.6 | 43.6 | 19.4 | +92K | 2.4% |
| 1960 | 88.3M | 5.51 | 46.8 | 44.4 | 17.8 | +102K | 2.7% |
| 1965 | 101M | 5.59 | 42.8 | 43.3 | 20.8 | -61K | 2.2% |
| 1970 | 116M | 5.49 | 53.3 | 40.2 | 13.6 | +81K | 2.7% |
| 1975 | 132M | 5.03 | 56.0 | 36.5 | 11.8 | +56K | 2.5% |
| 1980 | 149M | 4.49 | 58.7 | 33.7 | 10.3 | +42K | 2.3% |
| 1985 | 167M | 3.73 | 61.4 | 29.4 | 8.9 | +37K | 2.1% |
| 1990 | 184M | 3.11 | 63.2 | 25.8 | 8.1 | +12K | 1.8% |
| 1995 | 200M | 2.81 | 65.3 | 24.0 | 7.5 | -2K | 1.7% |
| 2000 | 216M | 2.50 | 66.3 | 21.7 | 7.4 | -43K | 1.4% |
| 2005 | 231M | 2.45 | 67.5 | 21.0 | 7.4 | -77K | 1.4% |
| 2010 | 246M | 2.46 | 68.4 | 20.4 | 7.5 | -58K | 1.3% |
| 2015 | 262M | 2.35 | 69.5 | 18.6 | 7.5 | -28K | 1.1% |
| 2020 | 275M | 2.19 | 68.8 | 16.7 | 8.8 | -19K | 0.8% |
| 2024Now | 283M | 2.11 | 71.3 | 15.8 | 7.6 | -38K | 0.8% |
| 2025 | 286M | 2.10 | 71.4 | 15.5 | 7.7 | -40K | 0.8% |
| 2030 | 296M | 2.01 | 72.2 | 14.7 | 8.2 | -42K | 0.6% |
| 2035 | 305M | 1.95 | 72.9 | 14.2 | 8.8 | -48K | 0.5% |
| 2040 | 312M | 1.91 | 73.5 | 13.6 | 9.4 | -48K | 0.4% |
| 2045 | 317M | 1.87 | 74.3 | 12.9 | 10.0 | -48K | 0.3% |
| 2050 | 321M | 1.85 | 74.9 | 12.3 | 10.6 | -45K | 0.2% |
| 2055 | 322M | 1.83 | 75.6 | 11.7 | 11.1 | -45K | 0.1% |
| 2060 | 323M | 1.81 | 76.3 | 11.4 | 11.5 | -52K | 0.0% |
| 2065 | 322M | 1.80 | 77.0 | 11.2 | 11.8 | -53K | -0.1% |
| 2070 | 320M | 1.78 | 77.7 | 10.9 | 12.0 | -52K | -0.1% |
| 2075 | 318M | 1.77 | 78.4 | 10.6 | 12.2 | -49K | -0.2% |
| 2080 | 315M | 1.76 | 79.2 | 10.3 | 12.4 | -43K | -0.2% |
| 2085 | 311M | 1.75 | 79.8 | 10.0 | 12.6 | -40K | -0.3% |
| 2090 | 306M | 1.74 | 80.5 | 9.8 | 12.9 | -39K | -0.3% |
| 2095 | 301M | 1.74 | 81.2 | 9.7 | 13.1 | -40K | -0.3% |
| 2100 | 296M | 1.73 | 81.9 | 9.6 | 13.2 | -37K | -0.4% |