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Japan
An archipelago of nearly 7,000 islands in East Asia, Japan is the world's third-largest economy and a global leader in technology, automotive manufacturing, and robotics. Tokyo, the capital, is the world's largest metropolitan area. Japan's ancient cultural traditions — from tea ceremony to martial arts — coexist with ultramodern cities, and the nation faces the world's most advanced demographic aging challenge.
Major cities: Tokyo, Osaka, Yokohama, Nagoya
2024
123.8M
UN
2050
105.1M
UN
2100
76.8M
UN
~2200
45.0M
GPU
~2500
23.0M
GPU
Population123.8M
Fertility (TFR)1.22
Life expectancy84.9
Median age49.0
Infant mortality1.8 per 1,000
Pop. density342/km²
Urbanization92%
Youth share (0-14)12%
Land area364,569 km²
LanguageJapanese
ReligionUnaffiliated
HDI0.925 (#23)
RegionAsia
Latest available year is shown in parentheses where the source series varies across indicators. Governance metrics use World Bank percentile ranks; battle deaths and military spending are context variables, not direct fertility drivers.
UN WPP 2024 — verified data through 2100
| Year | Population | TFR | Life Exp. | CBR | CDR | Net Migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 86.4M | 3.62 | 59.3 | 28.5 | 10.9 | -25K | 1.8% |
| 1955 | 92.4M | 2.35 | 65.7 | 19.7 | 7.9 | -96K | 1.2% |
| 1960 | 96.4M | 1.98 | 67.7 | 17.3 | 7.7 | -150K | 1.0% |
| 1965 | 101M | 2.09 | 70.3 | 18.5 | 7.2 | -51K | 1.1% |
| 1970 | 107M | 2.04 | 72.0 | 18.3 | 7.0 | +34K | 1.1% |
| 1975 | 113M | 1.92 | 74.4 | 17.4 | 6.4 | +0K | 1.1% |
| 1980 | 118M | 1.74 | 76.1 | 13.5 | 6.3 | -92K | 0.7% |
| 1985 | 121M | 1.74 | 77.8 | 11.5 | 6.4 | -141K | 0.5% |
| 1990 | 123M | 1.51 | 79.0 | 9.5 | 6.7 | +125K | 0.3% |
| 1995 | 126M | 1.41 | 79.7 | 9.3 | 7.6 | +88K | 0.2% |
| 2000 | 127M | 1.35 | 81.2 | 9.4 | 7.8 | +23K | 0.2% |
| 2005 | 128M | 1.25 | 82.0 | 8.4 | 8.8 | +113K | 0.0% |
| 2010 | 128M | 1.36 | 82.9 | 8.4 | 9.6 | +132K | -0.1% |
| 2015 | 127M | 1.42 | 83.9 | 7.8 | 10.4 | +169K | -0.3% |
| 2020 | 126M | 1.30 | 84.7 | 6.7 | 11.3 | +42K | -0.5% |
| 2024Now | 124M | 1.22 | 84.9 | 6.1 | 12.4 | +153K | -0.6% |
| 2025 | 123M | 1.23 | 85.0 | 6.1 | 12.6 | +141K | -0.7% |
| 2030 | 120M | 1.26 | 85.7 | 6.3 | 13.4 | +124K | -0.7% |
| 2035 | 116M | 1.29 | 86.4 | 6.7 | 14.2 | +117K | -0.7% |
| 2040 | 112M | 1.31 | 87.1 | 7.0 | 14.6 | +118K | -0.8% |
| 2045 | 109M | 1.33 | 87.8 | 7.1 | 14.7 | +113K | -0.8% |
| 2050 | 105M | 1.35 | 88.4 | 6.9 | 14.4 | +119K | -0.8% |
| 2055 | 102M | 1.37 | 89.0 | 6.6 | 14.5 | +110K | -0.8% |
| 2060 | 98.1M | 1.38 | 89.7 | 6.5 | 15.2 | +102K | -0.9% |
| 2065 | 94.3M | 1.40 | 90.3 | 6.8 | 15.9 | +99K | -0.9% |
| 2070 | 90.6M | 1.42 | 90.9 | 7.2 | 16.0 | +90K | -0.9% |
| 2075 | 87.4M | 1.43 | 91.5 | 7.5 | 15.2 | +95K | -0.8% |
| 2080 | 84.7M | 1.44 | 92.1 | 7.5 | 14.2 | +91K | -0.7% |
| 2085 | 82.6M | 1.46 | 92.6 | 7.4 | 13.3 | +86K | -0.6% |
| 2090 | 80.6M | 1.46 | 93.2 | 7.2 | 12.9 | +84K | -0.6% |
| 2095 | 78.7M | 1.47 | 93.8 | 7.1 | 13.0 | +82K | -0.6% |
| 2100 | 76.8M | 1.47 | 94.4 | 7.3 | 13.2 | +74K | -0.6% |