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Latvia
The middle of the three Baltic states on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, Latvia has a rich tradition of choral singing recognized by UNESCO and a turbulent history of foreign rule. The capital Riga, the largest city in the Baltics, is known for its stunning Art Nouveau architecture and medieval Old Town. Latvia joined the EU and NATO in 2004 and adopted the euro in 2014.
Major cities: Riga, Daugavpils, Liepāja, Jelgava
2024
1.9M
UN
2050
1.5M
UN
2100
925K
UN
~2200
1.0M
GPU
~2500
1.0M
GPU
Population1.9M
Fertility (TFR)1.34
Life expectancy76.3
Median age43.1
Infant mortality2.5 per 1,000
Pop. density30/km²
Urbanization68%
Youth share (0-14)16%
Land area62,230 km²
LanguageLatvian 58%
ReligionChristian
HDI0.889 (#41)
RegionEurope
Latest available year is shown in parentheses where the source series varies across indicators. Governance metrics use World Bank percentile ranks; battle deaths and military spending are context variables, not direct fertility drivers.
UN WPP 2024 — verified data through 2100
| Year | Population | TFR | Life Exp. | CBR | CDR | Net Migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 1.92M | 2.08 | 64.6 | 17.2 | 12.5 | +6K | 0.5% |
| 1955 | 2.00M | 1.88 | 67.1 | 16.1 | 11.5 | +10K | 0.5% |
| 1960 | 2.13M | 1.94 | 70.3 | 16.6 | 10.0 | +11K | 0.7% |
| 1965 | 2.25M | 1.73 | 71.2 | 13.7 | 10.1 | +13K | 0.4% |
| 1970 | 2.36M | 1.96 | 70.2 | 14.3 | 11.2 | +12K | 0.3% |
| 1975 | 2.46M | 1.95 | 69.3 | 14.0 | 12.2 | +12K | 0.2% |
| 1980 | 2.51M | 1.88 | 69.1 | 14.1 | 12.7 | +3K | 0.1% |
| 1985 | 2.58M | 2.06 | 69.6 | 15.2 | 13.2 | +12K | 0.2% |
| 1990 | 2.66M | 1.99 | 69.5 | 14.1 | 13.1 | -13K | 0.1% |
| 1995 | 2.49M | 1.25 | 66.0 | 8.6 | 15.8 | -13K | -0.7% |
| 2000 | 2.37M | 1.24 | 70.2 | 8.6 | 13.7 | -16K | -0.5% |
| 2005 | 2.24M | 1.39 | 70.6 | 9.8 | 14.7 | -11K | -0.5% |
| 2010 | 2.10M | 1.37 | 73.0 | 9.7 | 14.4 | -36K | -0.5% |
| 2015 | 1.98M | 1.71 | 74.7 | 11.2 | 14.4 | -11K | -0.3% |
| 2020 | 1.90M | 1.55 | 75.5 | 9.3 | 15.0 | -3K | -0.6% |
| 2024Now | 1.87M | 1.34 | 76.3 | 7.5 | 14.7 | -2K | -0.7% |
| 2025 | 1.85M | 1.35 | 76.5 | 7.4 | 14.8 | -7K | -0.7% |
| 2030 | 1.78M | 1.37 | 77.2 | 7.1 | 15.1 | -1K | -0.8% |
| 2035 | 1.71M | 1.39 | 78.0 | 7.4 | 15.3 | +0K | -0.8% |
| 2040 | 1.64M | 1.41 | 78.7 | 8.1 | 15.6 | -0K | -0.8% |
| 2045 | 1.58M | 1.43 | 79.5 | 8.4 | 16.1 | -1K | -0.8% |
| 2050 | 1.51M | 1.44 | 80.2 | 8.1 | 16.3 | -0K | -0.8% |
| 2055 | 1.45M | 1.45 | 80.9 | 7.2 | 16.5 | -1K | -0.9% |
| 2060 | 1.38M | 1.47 | 81.6 | 6.7 | 16.6 | -1K | -1.0% |
| 2065 | 1.31M | 1.48 | 82.3 | 6.8 | 16.7 | -1K | -1.0% |
| 2070 | 1.24M | 1.49 | 83.0 | 7.2 | 17.0 | -0K | -1.0% |
| 2075 | 1.18M | 1.49 | 83.6 | 7.5 | 17.2 | -1K | -1.0% |
| 2080 | 1.12M | 1.50 | 84.3 | 7.5 | 17.1 | -0K | -1.0% |
| 2085 | 1.07M | 1.50 | 84.9 | 7.1 | 16.5 | -0K | -0.9% |
| 2090 | 1.02M | 1.50 | 85.5 | 6.7 | 15.9 | -0K | -0.9% |
| 2095 | 973K | 1.51 | 86.0 | 6.6 | 16.2 | -0K | -1.0% |
| 2100 | 925K | 1.52 | 86.6 | 6.8 | 17.0 | -0K | -1.0% |