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Lithuania
The southernmost and largest of the three Baltic states, Lithuania has a proud history as the center of a medieval Grand Duchy that once stretched from the Baltic to the Black Sea. The capital Vilnius is known for its Baroque Old Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Lithuania was the first Soviet republic to declare independence in 1990 and joined the EU in 2004.
Major cities: Vilnius, Kaunas, Klaipėda, Šiauliai
2024
2.9M
UN
2050
2.3M
UN
2100
1.2M
UN
~2200
1.0M
GPU
~2500
1.0M
GPU
Population2.9M
Fertility (TFR)1.21
Life expectancy76.2
Median age42.1
Infant mortality2.8 per 1,000
Pop. density46/km²
Urbanization69%
Youth share (0-14)15%
Land area62,600 km²
LanguageLithuanian 82%
ReligionChristian
HDI0.895 (#39)
RegionEurope
Latest available year is shown in parentheses where the source series varies across indicators. Governance metrics use World Bank percentile ranks; battle deaths and military spending are context variables, not direct fertility drivers.
UN WPP 2024 — verified data through 2100
| Year | Population | TFR | Life Exp. | CBR | CDR | Net Migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 2.43M | 2.71 | 66.1 | 22.0 | 11.8 | 0K | 1.0% |
| 1955 | 2.58M | 2.57 | 66.6 | 22.0 | 9.9 | 0K | 1.2% |
| 1960 | 2.77M | 2.62 | 70.3 | 22.7 | 7.7 | +2K | 1.5% |
| 1965 | 2.97M | 2.23 | 71.7 | 18.2 | 7.8 | +4K | 1.0% |
| 1970 | 3.14M | 2.40 | 71.1 | 17.6 | 8.9 | +7K | 0.9% |
| 1975 | 3.30M | 2.17 | 71.1 | 15.6 | 9.4 | +8K | 0.6% |
| 1980 | 3.43M | 2.00 | 70.7 | 15.0 | 10.4 | +7K | 0.5% |
| 1985 | 3.56M | 2.10 | 70.7 | 16.4 | 11.0 | +9K | 0.5% |
| 1990 | 3.70M | 2.03 | 71.4 | 15.4 | 10.8 | -9K | 0.5% |
| 1995 | 3.63M | 1.55 | 69.0 | 11.4 | 12.5 | -24K | -0.1% |
| 2000 | 3.50M | 1.38 | 72.1 | 9.8 | 11.2 | -16K | -0.1% |
| 2005 | 3.32M | 1.29 | 71.2 | 9.0 | 13.2 | -51K | -0.4% |
| 2010 | 3.10M | 1.50 | 73.2 | 10.3 | 13.6 | -79K | -0.3% |
| 2015 | 2.91M | 1.71 | 74.5 | 10.9 | 14.4 | -23K | -0.3% |
| 2020 | 2.80M | 1.49 | 75.1 | 9.0 | 15.6 | +20K | -0.7% |
| 2024Now | 2.86M | 1.21 | 76.2 | 7.8 | 14.1 | +3K | -0.6% |
| 2025 | 2.83M | 1.22 | 76.3 | 7.8 | 14.1 | -25K | -0.6% |
| 2030 | 2.71M | 1.25 | 77.1 | 7.4 | 14.3 | -3K | -0.7% |
| 2035 | 2.60M | 1.28 | 77.9 | 7.1 | 14.6 | -2K | -0.8% |
| 2040 | 2.48M | 1.31 | 78.6 | 7.1 | 15.2 | -2K | -0.8% |
| 2045 | 2.37M | 1.33 | 79.4 | 7.3 | 15.9 | -2K | -0.9% |
| 2050 | 2.26M | 1.35 | 80.2 | 7.2 | 16.6 | -2K | -0.9% |
| 2055 | 2.14M | 1.37 | 80.9 | 6.7 | 17.0 | -2K | -1.0% |
| 2060 | 2.02M | 1.39 | 81.7 | 6.3 | 17.1 | -2K | -1.1% |
| 2065 | 1.90M | 1.40 | 82.4 | 6.1 | 17.2 | -2K | -1.1% |
| 2070 | 1.79M | 1.41 | 83.1 | 6.2 | 17.6 | -1K | -1.1% |
| 2075 | 1.69M | 1.42 | 83.7 | 6.4 | 18.3 | -1K | -1.2% |
| 2080 | 1.58M | 1.43 | 84.4 | 6.5 | 19.1 | -1K | -1.3% |
| 2085 | 1.48M | 1.44 | 85.0 | 6.4 | 19.4 | -1K | -1.3% |
| 2090 | 1.38M | 1.44 | 85.6 | 6.1 | 19.1 | -1K | -1.3% |
| 2095 | 1.29M | 1.45 | 86.2 | 6.1 | 18.6 | -1K | -1.3% |
| 2100 | 1.21M | 1.45 | 86.8 | 6.1 | 18.5 | -1K | -1.2% |