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Mali
A vast, landlocked West African nation that extends from the Sahara Desert in the north to tropical savanna in the south, Mali was the center of several powerful medieval empires, including the fabulously wealthy Mali Empire of Mansa Musa. The capital Bamako sits on the Niger River. The ancient city of Timbuktu was once a legendary center of Islamic learning and trans-Saharan trade.
Major cities: Bamako, Sikasso, Mopti, Ségou
2024
24.5M
UN WPP
2050
46.2M
UN WPP
2100
79.4M
UN WPP
~2200
55.0M
Per-Country
~2500
35.0M
Per-Country
Population24.5M
Fertility (TFR)5.51
Life expectancy60.7
Median age15.5
Infant mortality57.6 per 1,000
Pop. density19/km²
Urbanization31%
Youth share (0-14)46%
Land area1,220,190 km²
LanguageFrench
ReligionMuslim
HDI0.419 (#188)
RegionAfrica
Latest available year is shown in parentheses where the source series varies across indicators. Governance metrics use World Bank percentile ranks; battle deaths and military spending are context variables, not direct fertility drivers.
UN WPP 2024 — verified data through 2100
| Year | Population | TFR | Life Exp. | CBR | CDR | Net Migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 4.70M | 6.87 | 28.7 | 52.0 | 36.4 | -4K | 1.6% |
| 1955 | 5.04M | 6.95 | 29.7 | 51.0 | 35.3 | -10K | 1.6% |
| 1960 | 5.40M | 7.02 | 30.5 | 50.8 | 34.3 | -10K | 1.6% |
| 1965 | 5.82M | 7.08 | 31.5 | 50.5 | 33.3 | -14K | 1.7% |
| 1970 | 6.28M | 7.18 | 33.4 | 50.4 | 31.5 | -17K | 1.9% |
| 1975 | 6.84M | 7.25 | 36.5 | 50.6 | 28.6 | -27K | 2.2% |
| 1980 | 7.53M | 7.37 | 40.3 | 50.6 | 25.3 | -30K | 2.5% |
| 1985 | 8.37M | 7.26 | 43.9 | 48.8 | 22.0 | -63K | 2.7% |
| 1990 | 9.18M | 7.31 | 46.5 | 47.0 | 19.6 | -69K | 2.7% |
| 1995 | 10.2M | 7.05 | 48.3 | 45.9 | 17.8 | -68K | 2.8% |
| 2000 | 11.6M | 6.89 | 50.6 | 47.1 | 16.0 | -17K | 3.1% |
| 2005 | 13.5M | 6.71 | 53.8 | 47.9 | 13.8 | -17K | 3.4% |
| 2010 | 15.9M | 6.58 | 56.0 | 46.9 | 12.1 | -34K | 3.5% |
| 2015 | 18.6M | 6.38 | 57.9 | 44.5 | 10.6 | -49K | 3.4% |
| 2020 | 21.7M | 5.85 | 58.9 | 41.0 | 9.5 | -15K | 3.1% |
| 2024Now | 24.5M | 5.51 | 60.7 | 39.5 | 8.5 | -47K | 3.1% |
| 2025 | 25.2M | 5.42 | 60.9 | 39.2 | 8.4 | -48K | 3.1% |
| 2030 | 29.0M | 4.96 | 61.9 | 37.3 | 7.8 | -62K | 2.9% |
| 2035 | 33.1M | 4.49 | 62.9 | 34.9 | 7.3 | -69K | 2.8% |
| 2040 | 37.4M | 4.05 | 63.8 | 32.2 | 6.9 | -79K | 2.5% |
| 2045 | 41.8M | 3.69 | 64.6 | 29.8 | 6.7 | -90K | 2.3% |
| 2050 | 46.2M | 3.37 | 65.4 | 27.6 | 6.6 | -91K | 2.1% |
| 2055 | 50.5M | 3.11 | 66.1 | 25.7 | 6.6 | -96K | 1.9% |
| 2060 | 54.8M | 2.89 | 66.8 | 24.0 | 6.7 | -98K | 1.7% |
| 2065 | 58.9M | 2.72 | 67.4 | 22.4 | 6.9 | -109K | 1.6% |
| 2070 | 62.9M | 2.58 | 68.1 | 21.0 | 7.0 | -106K | 1.4% |
| 2075 | 66.6M | 2.46 | 68.6 | 19.6 | 7.4 | -112K | 1.2% |
| 2080 | 70.0M | 2.36 | 69.2 | 18.5 | 7.8 | -117K | 1.1% |
| 2085 | 73.0M | 2.27 | 69.8 | 17.5 | 8.3 | -118K | 0.9% |
| 2090 | 75.5M | 2.20 | 70.4 | 16.6 | 8.8 | -122K | 0.8% |
| 2095 | 77.7M | 2.14 | 71.0 | 15.8 | 9.3 | -125K | 0.6% |
| 2100 | 79.4M | 2.08 | 71.5 | 15.1 | 9.8 | -117K | 0.5% |