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Romania
A large southeastern European nation where Latin heritage meets Balkan and Slavic influences, Romania is known for the Carpathian Mountains, medieval Transylvanian villages, and the legend of Dracula inspired by Bran Castle. The capital Bucharest has been called 'Little Paris' for its Belle Époque architecture. Romania joined the EU in 2007 and has Europe's fastest-growing tech sector.
Major cities: Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara, Iași
2024
19.0M
UN
2050
16.0M
UN
2100
10.8M
UN
~2200
5.0M
GPU
~2500
1.0M
GPU
Population19.0M
Fertility (TFR)1.71
Life expectancy76.1
Median age42.6
Infant mortality5.4 per 1,000
Pop. density83/km²
Urbanization52%
Youth share (0-14)16%
Land area230,080 km²
LanguageRomanian
ReligionChristian
HDI0.845 (#55)
RegionEurope
Latest available year is shown in parentheses where the source series varies across indicators. Governance metrics use World Bank percentile ranks; battle deaths and military spending are context variables, not direct fertility drivers.
UN WPP 2024 — verified data through 2100
| Year | Population | TFR | Life Exp. | CBR | CDR | Net Migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 16.4M | 3.08 | 60.5 | 25.4 | 11.9 | +8K | 1.4% |
| 1955 | 17.5M | 3.01 | 63.3 | 25.3 | 11.0 | -41K | 1.4% |
| 1960 | 18.3M | 2.32 | 65.6 | 19.0 | 9.5 | -55K | 1.0% |
| 1965 | 18.7M | 1.90 | 68.4 | 14.4 | 8.5 | -60K | 0.6% |
| 1970 | 20.0M | 2.81 | 67.9 | 20.9 | 9.8 | +72K | 1.1% |
| 1975 | 21.3M | 2.59 | 69.6 | 19.9 | 9.5 | +9K | 1.0% |
| 1980 | 22.2M | 2.43 | 69.2 | 17.2 | 10.7 | -17K | 0.6% |
| 1985 | 22.6M | 2.31 | 69.4 | 15.4 | 11.1 | -28K | 0.4% |
| 1990 | 22.9M | 1.84 | 69.8 | 13.7 | 10.9 | -38K | 0.3% |
| 1995 | 22.7M | 1.34 | 69.3 | 10.7 | 12.1 | -74K | -0.1% |
| 2000 | 22.0M | 1.30 | 71.2 | 10.3 | 11.6 | -92K | -0.1% |
| 2005 | 21.2M | 1.39 | 71.6 | 10.8 | 13.3 | -131K | -0.3% |
| 2010 | 20.4M | 1.57 | 73.6 | 11.0 | 12.4 | -122K | -0.1% |
| 2015 | 19.9M | 1.62 | 74.7 | 10.3 | 13.5 | -36K | -0.3% |
| 2020 | 19.4M | 1.73 | 74.0 | 10.0 | 15.5 | -13K | -0.6% |
| 2024Now | 19.0M | 1.71 | 76.1 | 9.5 | 13.6 | -28K | -0.4% |
| 2025 | 18.9M | 1.71 | 76.2 | 9.4 | 13.6 | -29K | -0.4% |
| 2030 | 18.4M | 1.70 | 77.0 | 9.2 | 13.8 | -27K | -0.5% |
| 2035 | 17.8M | 1.69 | 77.8 | 9.3 | 14.3 | -27K | -0.5% |
| 2040 | 17.2M | 1.69 | 78.5 | 9.4 | 14.8 | -24K | -0.5% |
| 2045 | 16.6M | 1.69 | 79.3 | 9.4 | 15.1 | -23K | -0.6% |
| 2050 | 16.0M | 1.68 | 80.1 | 9.1 | 15.2 | -21K | -0.6% |
| 2055 | 15.4M | 1.68 | 80.9 | 8.8 | 15.5 | -23K | -0.7% |
| 2060 | 14.8M | 1.68 | 81.6 | 8.6 | 16.2 | -20K | -0.8% |
| 2065 | 14.1M | 1.68 | 82.3 | 8.6 | 16.3 | -21K | -0.8% |
| 2070 | 13.5M | 1.67 | 83.1 | 8.8 | 15.9 | -18K | -0.7% |
| 2075 | 13.0M | 1.67 | 83.8 | 8.8 | 15.4 | -17K | -0.7% |
| 2080 | 12.5M | 1.67 | 84.4 | 8.7 | 14.9 | -17K | -0.6% |
| 2085 | 12.0M | 1.67 | 85.1 | 8.4 | 14.5 | -14K | -0.6% |
| 2090 | 11.6M | 1.67 | 85.7 | 8.2 | 14.2 | -14K | -0.6% |
| 2095 | 11.2M | 1.67 | 86.3 | 8.1 | 14.4 | -13K | -0.6% |
| 2100 | 10.8M | 1.67 | 86.9 | 8.1 | 14.7 | -13K | -0.7% |