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Spain
A large Western European nation occupying most of the Iberian Peninsula, Spain is renowned for its diverse regional cultures — from Catalonia and the Basque Country to Andalusia — each with distinct traditions, cuisines, and sometimes languages. The capital Madrid houses the Prado Museum, while Barcelona dazzles with Gaudí's architecture. Spain is the world's second most-visited country and a major olive oil producer.
Major cities: Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Seville
2024
47.9M
UN
2050
44.9M
UN
2100
33.1M
UN
~2200
19.0M
GPU
~2500
9.0M
GPU
Population47.9M
Fertility (TFR)1.22
Life expectancy83.8
Median age44.9
Infant mortality2.6 per 1,000
Pop. density97/km²
Urbanization80%
Youth share (0-14)13%
Land area499,697 km²
LanguageCastilian Spanish 74%
ReligionChristian
HDI0.918 (#28)
RegionEurope
Latest available year is shown in parentheses where the source series varies across indicators. Governance metrics use World Bank percentile ranks; battle deaths and military spending are context variables, not direct fertility drivers.
UN WPP 2024 — verified data through 2100
| Year | Population | TFR | Life Exp. | CBR | CDR | Net Migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 28.1M | 2.47 | 61.8 | 20.1 | 11.1 | -130K | 0.9% |
| 1955 | 29.1M | 2.51 | 66.7 | 20.6 | 9.4 | -87K | 1.1% |
| 1960 | 30.4M | 2.81 | 69.2 | 21.9 | 8.8 | -155K | 1.3% |
| 1965 | 32.1M | 2.93 | 70.9 | 20.9 | 8.4 | -42K | 1.2% |
| 1970 | 33.8M | 2.88 | 72.1 | 19.6 | 8.3 | -61K | 1.1% |
| 1975 | 35.8M | 2.77 | 73.5 | 18.8 | 8.2 | -0K | 1.1% |
| 1980 | 37.5M | 2.21 | 75.5 | 15.2 | 7.6 | +20K | 0.8% |
| 1985 | 38.6M | 1.64 | 76.4 | 11.9 | 8.0 | -1K | 0.4% |
| 1990 | 39.1M | 1.36 | 77.0 | 10.4 | 8.5 | -31K | 0.2% |
| 1995 | 40.1M | 1.15 | 78.2 | 9.2 | 8.5 | +162K | 0.1% |
| 2000 | 41.0M | 1.21 | 79.4 | 9.7 | 8.7 | +176K | 0.1% |
| 2005 | 44.0M | 1.33 | 80.3 | 10.4 | 8.7 | +630K | 0.2% |
| 2010 | 46.8M | 1.37 | 82.0 | 10.3 | 8.1 | +69K | 0.2% |
| 2015 | 46.7M | 1.33 | 82.6 | 8.9 | 9.0 | -2K | 0.0% |
| 2020 | 47.7M | 1.19 | 82.2 | 7.2 | 10.4 | +237K | -0.3% |
| 2024Now | 47.9M | 1.22 | 83.8 | 7.0 | 9.5 | +112K | -0.3% |
| 2025 | 47.9M | 1.23 | 84.0 | 6.9 | 9.5 | +97K | -0.3% |
| 2030 | 47.6M | 1.26 | 84.6 | 6.7 | 9.9 | +67K | -0.3% |
| 2035 | 47.2M | 1.29 | 85.3 | 7.0 | 10.5 | +64K | -0.4% |
| 2040 | 46.6M | 1.32 | 85.9 | 7.4 | 11.3 | +56K | -0.4% |
| 2045 | 45.9M | 1.34 | 86.5 | 7.4 | 12.2 | +51K | -0.5% |
| 2050 | 44.9M | 1.36 | 87.1 | 7.1 | 13.3 | +68K | -0.6% |
| 2055 | 43.7M | 1.38 | 87.8 | 6.7 | 14.5 | +67K | -0.8% |
| 2060 | 42.2M | 1.39 | 88.4 | 6.7 | 15.5 | +60K | -0.9% |
| 2065 | 40.6M | 1.41 | 88.9 | 6.9 | 16.1 | +55K | -0.9% |
| 2070 | 39.0M | 1.43 | 89.5 | 7.3 | 16.2 | +47K | -0.9% |
| 2075 | 37.6M | 1.44 | 90.1 | 7.6 | 15.5 | +47K | -0.8% |
| 2080 | 36.5M | 1.46 | 90.7 | 7.7 | 14.3 | +44K | -0.7% |
| 2085 | 35.6M | 1.46 | 91.2 | 7.5 | 13.4 | +37K | -0.6% |
| 2090 | 34.8M | 1.47 | 91.8 | 7.3 | 12.9 | +28K | -0.6% |
| 2095 | 34.0M | 1.48 | 92.3 | 7.3 | 13.0 | +31K | -0.6% |
| 2100 | 33.1M | 1.48 | 92.9 | 7.4 | 13.6 | +29K | -0.6% |