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Timor-Leste
One of the world's youngest nations, Timor-Leste (East Timor) gained independence from Indonesia in 2002 after a long struggle and a devastating period of violence. The capital Dili faces the Ombai Strait toward Indonesia. This small half-island nation in Southeast Asia depends on oil and gas revenues from the Timor Sea and is building its institutions and infrastructure largely from scratch.
Major cities: Dili, Baucau, Maliana, Suai
2024
1.4M
UN
2050
1.9M
UN
2100
2.0M
UN
~2200
1.0M
GPU
~2500
1.0M
GPU
Population1.4M
Fertility (TFR)2.63
Life expectancy67.9
Median age20.8
Infant mortality35.9 per 1,000
Pop. density93/km²
Urbanization29%
Youth share (0-14)34%
Land area14,870 km²
ReligionChristian
HDI0.634 (#142)
RegionAsia
Latest available year is shown in parentheses where the source series varies across indicators. Governance metrics use World Bank percentile ranks; battle deaths and military spending are context variables, not direct fertility drivers.
UN WPP 2024 — verified data through 2100
| Year | Population | TFR | Life Exp. | CBR | CDR | Net Migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 415K | 6.61 | 29.2 | 43.0 | 35.6 | 0K | 0.7% |
| 1955 | 437K | 6.48 | 30.7 | 44.2 | 31.8 | 0K | 1.2% |
| 1960 | 468K | 6.32 | 32.4 | 45.2 | 30.3 | 0K | 1.5% |
| 1965 | 507K | 6.01 | 34.7 | 44.8 | 28.0 | 0K | 1.7% |
| 1970 | 553K | 5.66 | 37.4 | 42.8 | 25.0 | 0K | 1.8% |
| 1975 | 598K | 5.19 | 24.3 | 38.5 | 40.3 | +10K | -0.2% |
| 1980 | 650K | 5.22 | 30.2 | 43.3 | 32.6 | +5K | 1.1% |
| 1985 | 697K | 5.65 | 34.3 | 44.2 | 28.7 | -0K | 1.5% |
| 1990 | 760K | 5.81 | 45.2 | 42.7 | 18.6 | -3K | 2.4% |
| 1995 | 868K | 5.94 | 47.5 | 41.7 | 16.4 | +2K | 2.5% |
| 2000 | 745K | 5.93 | 58.1 | 38.6 | 9.7 | +40K | 2.9% |
| 2005 | 948K | 5.61 | 61.3 | 36.2 | 8.4 | +2K | 2.8% |
| 2010 | 1.08M | 4.82 | 63.7 | 31.5 | 8.0 | +0K | 2.4% |
| 2015 | 1.21M | 3.78 | 65.3 | 27.1 | 7.7 | -0K | 1.9% |
| 2020 | 1.33M | 3.01 | 66.9 | 23.4 | 7.4 | +4K | 1.6% |
| 2024Now | 1.40M | 2.63 | 67.9 | 21.8 | 7.2 | -3K | 1.5% |
| 2025 | 1.42M | 2.56 | 68.1 | 21.6 | 7.2 | -3K | 1.4% |
| 2030 | 1.52M | 2.32 | 69.1 | 20.7 | 6.8 | +1K | 1.4% |
| 2035 | 1.62M | 2.17 | 70.0 | 19.3 | 6.6 | +2K | 1.3% |
| 2040 | 1.72M | 2.05 | 70.8 | 17.9 | 6.5 | -1K | 1.1% |
| 2045 | 1.81M | 1.97 | 71.6 | 16.3 | 6.6 | -1K | 1.0% |
| 2050 | 1.89M | 1.92 | 72.4 | 14.7 | 6.9 | +2K | 0.8% |
| 2055 | 1.95M | 1.88 | 73.1 | 13.7 | 7.4 | +0K | 0.6% |
| 2060 | 2.01M | 1.84 | 73.8 | 13.0 | 7.9 | -3K | 0.5% |
| 2065 | 2.05M | 1.82 | 74.5 | 12.4 | 8.7 | -1K | 0.4% |
| 2070 | 2.08M | 1.80 | 75.1 | 11.9 | 9.5 | -2K | 0.2% |
| 2075 | 2.09M | 1.78 | 75.8 | 11.3 | 10.4 | -2K | 0.1% |
| 2080 | 2.09M | 1.76 | 76.4 | 10.7 | 11.3 | -2K | -0.1% |
| 2085 | 2.07M | 1.75 | 77.1 | 10.3 | 12.2 | -2K | -0.2% |
| 2090 | 2.04M | 1.73 | 77.8 | 10.1 | 12.9 | -1K | -0.3% |
| 2095 | 2.01M | 1.73 | 78.4 | 10.0 | 13.3 | -1K | -0.3% |
| 2100 | 1.97M | 1.72 | 79.0 | 9.8 | 13.5 | +3K | -0.4% |